Underfunding has always been a persistent issue, not just in Indonesia but globally. This problem is deeply rooted in human nature, the tendency to never feel satisfied and to constantly strive for more. Also, in Indonesia some times people keep shouting about limited funding availability, but they mysteriously find money to fund free school meals for school children which cost about Rp280T a year.
Anggaran Rp 71 triliun untuk program Makan Bergizi Gratis tahun ini bakalan kurang. Zulhas bilang perlu tambahan anggaran sebesar Rp 140 triliun lagi.
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Rp 71 Trillion Short, Free Meal Program Will Drain Rp 140 Trillion Budget for July-December 2025
When it comes to salary, teachers and headmasters in state-funded schools in Indonesia are not necessarily underpaid compared to other civil servant roles or even many teachers in private schools. This is evident from the high number of applicants for civil servant teaching positions, despite the limited number of jobs. Additionally, the pay scale for other Indonesian civil servants reflects this competitive salary of these civil servant teachers & headmasters. There is nothing to prevent them to move to private schools, but why you hardly ever see this story ?
Where salaries can vary significantly in some cases higher, but in others, could be much lower. It is important to note that private schools in Indonesia can charge anywhere from a few million to hundreds of millions of rupiah per year. However, since they are privately run, they must provided their own building and facilities, cover their own operational costs, including staff salaries and facility maintenance, with very minimum state subsidy. Also many teachers in private schools get paid much lower than their civil servants counter part. Many of them are getting paid below minimum wage as low as low as Rp2m. Depending on their teaching hours some of them are even getting less than that.
https://www.linovhr.com/gaji-guru-swasta/
Many private schools don't have the flexibility to raise tuition fees easily, as doing so could make education unaffordable for parents or lead to a loss of student enrolment. It is the teachers in certain private schools like this who are in need of support, not those in the state schools employed as civil servants; while happily maintaining their civil servants teacher profession they keep complaining not getting paid enough, illegally collecting money from parents.
When you see garbage piling up and rotting by the roadside in your neighbourhood, roads in very bad conditions, full of potholes, and state schools with broken desks, chairs, and buildings, often without enough furniture for the children, one strategy is to find a way to get the minister or president to visit the area, or at least pass through it. Chances are, things will get fixed quickly before their visit. Local authorities usually fear being scrutinised, especially when it comes to explaining how they’ve spent the central government funding, local taxations and any money they've collected through questionable means. Alternatively, make it viral in the social media until it gets attentions.