In large procurement projects such as buying new aircrafts, the cost of depreciation is often understated or adjusted in a way that makes it less visible. However, for national fleets, every aircraft will eventually reach the end of its serviceable life and require replacement.
If the accounting only consider loan repayments along with operational and maintenance expenses while excluding or downplaying depreciation, the project can appear highly profitable on paper. It’s hardly surprising that a company like Garuda could report profits in 2022 after being deep in the red just a few years earlier, even with significant cash injections. When losses occur, they tend blame to external factors like the operating environment or rising fuel costs as convenient excuses. What they rarely acknowledge or attempt to downplay is that other national airlines have managed to remain profitable under the same environment.
Decades later, the executives who approved the purchase (and may have benefited from inflated pricing) are often no longer in those roles, sometimes having moved on to higher positions, while the long-term financial burden ultimately falls on the organisation and/or taxpayers. That is the difference between purchasing high value items using the government money, taxpayers vs purchasing by yourself.