The first 2011's Law (see below) was already revised by the Omnibus Law but as the definition didn't change in the 2024"s PP (post 21) , I guess this Article 14 was not revised .
As we see , the Law (below) states who must participate . But it seems that in practice other foreigners (other than working for more than 6 months) cannot participate (see requirements for foreigners , below) , except foreigners listed together with Indonesian(s) in a Family Card (KK) , because they require everybody in a KK to be registered .
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UU no.24 Year 2011
Considering:
a. that the national social security system is a state program that aims to provide
certainty of protection and social welfare for all people;
b. that in order to realize the objectives of the national social security system, it is necessary to establish an organizing body in the form of a legal entity based on the principles of mutual cooperation, non-profit, ...
mandatory participation, ...
Participant Registration
Article 14
Every person, including foreigners who work for at least 6 months in Indonesia,
wajib/must become a Participant in the Social Security program.
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From
https://mpp.jemberkab.go.id/institutions/bpjs-kesehatan
BPJS Kesehatan
New Registration for Foreign Nationals :
1. NIK KTP e (Optional)
2. Savings account number/ATM number
3. Work/business permit
4. ITAS/ITAP